Youth homelessness and substance use: report to the drugs and alcohol research unit hors258

This study aimed to provide a detailed account of substance use amongst homeless young people. 160 young people (under 25) were recruited for the research through homeless agencies in 4 different areas of England and Wales. In addition, 22 professionals working with these young people were also interviewed. High levels of drug use were found amongst the homeless young people, particularly for recreational drugs. Levels of heroin and crack cocaine use were lower, but still high compared to the general population. Levels of alcohol use varied considerably, with 14% classified as problem drinkers while 18% did not drink at all. Nearly all the group smoked daily. Substance use was a common factor given for homelessness, although the primary reason given was conflict and abuse.

The experience of homelessness appeared to have different effects on substance use. Some young people had increased their use while others had cut down. Staff at homelessness services felt ill equipped to deal with the multiple problems of the young people seeking their help and recognised the need to make referrals to other appropriate agencies. Homeless young people’s use of drug and alcohol services was low but three quarters were registered with a GP. Recommendations include the provision of dedicated services for homeless young people.